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Wednesday, June 29, 2011

Monaco's Other 'Runaway Bride'; Lady Mary & The Douglas-Hamiltons!


In recognition of the Monegasque nuptials this coming weekend; I’ve chosen to acquaint my fellow esoteric with some of the bridegroom’s Scottish relatives. 

Descending from one of the oldest of the ancient families of Scotland, in possession of the premier dukedom of the same country, owners of vast acreage, and until the late 19th century unlimited wealth, the Douglas-Hamilton were the ‘Uncrowned Royalty’ of Victorian Scotland. 

The Douglas-Hamilton’s, no doubt in recognition of their royal aspirations were connected by blood with the ancient and the parvenu of Europe’s titled elite.  This royalty by proxy came about with the marriage of the 11th Duke of Hamilton and Brandon with a Princess of Baden, herself descended maternally from the famed Beauharnais family, raised from the minor nobility to Imperial status on the coat-tails of the Bonaparte family.

'Magnifico'

The 11th Duke’s father, Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton, 7th Duke of Brandon KG PC FRS FSA, was a well known Scottish politician and art collector.

Born on Saturday, October 3, 1767 in St James Square, London, he was educated at Harrow School and at Christ Church, Oxford.

The 10th Duke of Hamilton was a Whig, and his political career began in 1802, when he became MP for Lancaster. He remained in the House of Commons until 1806, when he was appointed to the Privy Council and Ambassador to the Imperial Court of St. Petersburg until 1807; additionally, he was Lord Lieutenant of Lanarkshire from 1802 to 1852.

After his father’s death in 1819, he received numerous titles as was normal for the times. Hamilton was Lord High Steward at King William IV's coronation in 1831 and Queen Victoria's coronation in 1838, and remains the last person to have undertaken this duty twice. In between the two coronations, he was made a Knight of the Garter in 1836, by King William IV.  Additionally, he held the office of Grand Master of the Freemasons in Scotland; between 1820 and 1822 and the office of President of the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland between 1827 and 1831. Hamilton was also a Trustee of the British Museum between 1834 and 1852.


In an effort to secure the succession to the family title, he married Susan Euphemia Beckford, daughter of William Thomas Beckford and Lady Margaret Gordon-daughter of Charles Gordon, 4th Earl of Aboyne, on Thursday, April 26, 1810 in London, England.

Through the Beckford’s, Susan was the granddaughter of a Lord Mayor of London, William Beckford, politician and his wife Maria Hamilton, who like the 10th Duke was a descendant of James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault.

During his lifetime, Hamilton was a well-known dandy of his day. An obituary notice states that ‘timidity and variableness of temperament prevented his rendering much service to, or being much relied on by his party ... With a great predisposition to over-estimate the importance of ancient birth ... he well deserved to be considered the proudest man in England.’ In a direct departure to such a mindset, Hamilton supported Napoleon and commissioned the painting; The Emperor Napoleon in His Study at the Tuileries, by Jacques-Louis David.

Lord Lamington, in The Days of the Dandies, wrote of him that 'never was such a magnifico as the 10th Duke, the Ambassador to the Empress Catherine; when I knew him he was very old, but held himself straight as any grenadier. He was always dressed in a military laced undress coat, tights and Hessian boots, &c'. Lady Stafford in letters to her son mentioned 'his great Coat, long Queue, and Fingers cover'd with gold Rings', and his foreign appearance. According to another obituary, this time in Gentleman's Magazine he had 'an intense family pride'.

Hamilton had a strong interest in Ancient Egyptian mummies, and was so impressed with the work of mummy expert Thomas Pettigrew that he arranged for Pettigrew to mummify him after his death. He died on Wednesday, August 18, 1852 at age eighty-four at 12 Portman Square, London, England and was buried on Saturday, September 4, 1852 at Hamilton Palace, Hamilton, Scotland. In accordance with his wishes, Hamilton's body was mummified after his death and placed in a sarcophagus on his estate.

In July 1882, thirty years after his death, his grandson broke up his remarkable collection of paintings, objects, books and manuscripts when they were sold at auction for £397,562. The manuscripts were purchased by the German government for £80,000. Some were repurchased by the British government and are now in the British Museum.

Hamilton’s son and successor, William Alexander, 11th Duke of Hamilton, 8th Duke of Brandon who was born Tuesday, February 19, 1811, married on Thursday, February 23, 1843, Princess Marie of Baden, on her mother's side, a cousin of Emperor Napoleon III.



After their marriage the Duke and Duchess of Hamilton lived at Brodick Castle on the Isle of Arran.  The Duke was referred to as, 'the handsomest man in Europe, elegant and graceful, of the noblest blood and line.' At the same time, he was very popular with the islanders and was known to them as ‘Duke Douglas’. The Princess-Duchess occupied herself by beautifying the natural scenery, having walks and drives created through the woodlands and other inaccessible areas.  She improved the Castle gardens, including the vegetable garden, loving the roses that thrived in the island soil.  The Princess erected summerhouses all over the area. In these the ladies could remain all day when the men were shooting, as each contained a little kitchen.

At the Castle the Princess kept up, 'pomp and almost regal state'. Among the many visitors were Prince Louis Napoleon and the Duchess of Kent.  When the castle was full the visitors' attendants had to sleep in the crofters' cottages.


Queen Victoria was godmother to their only daughter, Lady Mary Victoria, born on Wednesday, December 11, 1850, giving her a miniature carriage which she drove around Brodick village. One of the summerhouses had a charcoal stove where, as a little girl she could cook omelets for her parents' visitors.

On Wednesday, July 15, 1863 at the age of fifty-two, the 11th Duke died in Paris, after falling down the stairs of the Maison Dorée on the Boulevard des Italiens.  Queen Victoria wrote to her daughter, Vicky; the Prussian Crown Princess, that 'how shocking too is the Duke of Hamilton's death! He had I fear been drinking too much in a cafe at Paris! Poor thing, I feel so much for her!' Hamilton apparently had a very dignified demeanor and was called the 'very Duke of very Duke'.

Ironically, there were rumors that the Duke's death had been caused by Louis Napoleon. Supposedly, they had had a dispute when gambling. The Duke made a dignified exit from the room to avoid an unpleasant scene but Louis Napoleon followed him, 'and, it was surmised assaulted him violently'.

After her husband’s death, the Princess-Duchess left Arran. Her daughter-in-law the next Duchess was not interested in gardening; therefore, the summerhouses went to ruin and the flower gardens disappeared.  Eventually the castle was shut up.




The 11th Duke was succeeded by William Alexander Louis Stephen, 12th Duke of Hamilton, who was born on Wednesday, March 12, 1845. When he came of age, it was said that there were few positions in life more influential and more desirable than that which is occupied by the youthful heir of the house of Hamilton. William was once thought of as a husband for Princess Alice and his arrival in England caused Queen Victoria some alarm once Prince Ludwig of Hesse, and her preferred candidate was in lead; but fortunately Hamilton went straight to his sister's.

The title of Duke of Châtellerault, granted to his remote ancestor in 1548, and claimed at different times by various branches of the Hamilton family, was conferred on William Alexander, 12th Duke of Hamilton, by Napoleon III  in 1864.

Upon succeeding to the title, the young Duke apparently enjoyed life in France; as his mother was the Emperor's cousin and led a rather dissolute lifestyle and died on Thursday, May 16, 1895 on his yacht in Algiers

The 12th’s Duke sister, Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton was apparently engaged in 1868 to one of the brothers of Princess Marie zu Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, wife of Prince Philippe of Belgium, Comte de Flanders. Queen Victoria wrote to Crown Princess Victoria in November of 1868 that: ‘Marie of Flanders' situation is quite unmistakable! She says her future sister-in-law is to have the rank and title of a Princess of Hohenzollern. Philippe (Count of Flanders) said 'the Duke of Hamilton is believed to be about to celebrate the event by making a scandal in the streets of Paris'--I fear it will not be the last either.'

Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton, also known as the Lady Mary Victoria Hamilton, was the Lanarkshire-born, Scottish-German-French great-great-grandmother of Prince Albert II of Monaco.

Princess Caroline, Prince Albert I's grandmother, was anxious for her grandson to make such an illustrious alliance. Prince Albert was the only child and heir of Charles III, Prince of Monaco. By Albert marrying Lady Mary Victoria he would become, by marriage, a cousin to Emperor Napoleon III. Despite the fact that Lady Mary Victoria was considered to be a very lovely young woman Albert found her to be rather ‘empty headed’.  Lady Mary Victoria, while finding Albert to be handsome, did not particularly like him. However, they were forced into marriage, on Tuesday, September 21, 1869 at Château de Marchais.


In January of 1870, the new Princess, no longer able to cope with morning sickness and the gloominess of the palace, had had enough. Accordingly, the strong-willed 19-year-old Scots girl who intensely disliked Monaco and everything about it; decided to leave Monte Carlo for Baden-Baden; with her mother, the Dowager Duchess! It was there that Mary gave birth to her son Prince Louis-Honoré -Charles-Antoine on Tuesday, July 12, 1870.

Sadly, she and Prince Albert were never reconciled and the marriage was dissolved. Their marriage was annulled by the Church on Saturday, January 3, 1880; although civilly it was dissolved only on Wednesday, July 28, 1880 by the Order of Prince Charles III.

After her marriage to Prince Albert was dissolved apparently things weren't too friendly with between the former Princess and her ‘August Godmother’. Crown Princess Victoria wrote to Queen Victoria in 1882 that 'The Hereditary Prince of Monaco--who is so far better than the Duchess of Hamilton and her daughter made him out to be--hates the gambling...'

Mary Victoria’s second marriage, on Wednesday, June 2, 1880, was to Count Tassilo Festetics von Tolna an officer in the Austrian Imperial guard. During her forty year marriage to Graf, and later Prince Festetics, Lady Mary oversaw enlargement and improvement of the Festetics' main seat, Festetics Palace, and its gardens, in Keszthely, western Hungary.

On numerous occasions, she and her husband would entertain her brother the 12th Duke of Hamilton, and his great friend, Edward, the Prince of Wales. There are still portraits extant in the palace of numerous members of her family, including one of her father in full Highland dress. Outside the palace, on either side of the main entrance there are the Armorial bearings of both the Lady Mary and her husband. The Helikon Library at the Festetics Palace contains many works that were brought to Keszthely by the Lady Mary from her father and brother's collections at Hamilton Palace.

The palace grounds, on the shores of Lake Balaton, contain’s a mausoleum to the Festetics and is the final resting place of the Lady Mary and her husband.

Mary Victoria died at age seventy-one on Sunday, May 14, 1922.

Hopefully, in light of the recent news out of Monaco of a purported ‘runaway’ future Royal bride, the Princely House of Grimaldi is in store for a reigning couple that has less misfortune within their marriage.



A FALLING HOUSE


The New York Times
June 9, 1872

Our Italian correspondent, in his last letter, tells a curious, miserable story about a young lady, who is, in the present generation the only daughter of a semi-royal historic house, the Princess of Monaco. The recent annuals of her family have certainly been of a melancholy and humiliating character. 

The Princess’ grandfather, the 10th Duke of Hamilton, married a daughter of the celebrated Beckford, of Fontill, author of Vathek.  The Duke was a man of amazing pride and self-importance; and it is recorded that, when the intended marriage of the Queen with the late Prince Consort was announced, Hs Grace, in acknowledging the announcement of the event, which was forwarded to him, intimated that he thought that Her Majesty might have looked nearer home, which was understood to be his mode of signifying that he would himself have been the most appropriate father-in-law for Queen Victoria.

Eaten up with vanity, he objected to his son marrying a lady of charming disposition, to whom he was deeply attached, because she was not of the highest rank – although she did, curiously enough, subsequently marry a Duke, so his son ultimately married the youngest daughter of the Grand Duke of Baden, which brought very great satisfaction to the foolish old father-in-law, insomuch as his daughter-in-law thus gained recognition abroad as royal, although at the English Court she occupied only a sort of uncomfortable semi-royal position.

The 10th Duke, whose principal occupation in life had for some years been a preparation for his obsequies, which were to include the placing of his body, embalmed by methods for which he sent to Egypt, in an enormous black marble mausoleum, specially erected for the accommodation of his precious corpse, died in 1852.  Two years before that event, the decline of his proud family commenced.  His only daughter had married the late Duke of Newcastle, when she was eighteen – the marriage being no doubt brought about by the desire to her family to secure a desirable match.  In 1850 this lady, having then a family of several children, misconducted herself in a manner which obliged her husband to seek a divorce.

From that time the whole of her family have, with one exception, gone wrong.  Her eldest son is a bankrupt, another became mixed up with persons of the worst character, and to this hour it is considered by many very doubtful whether the announcement of his death, followed by a funeral, of which details were given in the papers, was not in truth a mere ruse to escape the penalty for misdemeanors.  A third son misbehaved himself in his profession, had to leave it, and has also been through the Bankruptcy Court.  The daughter married a drunkard, whose mind gave way through the habits he had contracted.  So much for the 10th Duke of Hamilton’s daughter and her children! To turn to the son. His wife had no taste for country life, and preferred the atmosphere of Continental courts, where her pretensions to royal rank gained full admission.  So they abandoned the princely homes in England and Scotland, whence they drew seven hundred thousand dollars a year, to live principally at Paris.  The Ex-Emperor being the Duchess’ first cousin, received her with the utmost impressments, and indeed, Her Grace was of no little use in giving tone to the Imperial Court, which, being entirely ignored by the Faubourg, was at one time sadly in need of the presence of ladies whose rank and position were unexceptionable.

Some ten years ago, London and Paris were startled to learn that the Duke of Hamilton had died suddenly in the latter capital.  The details soon followed.  He had been supping at the Maison Dorée, and had been challenged by a friend to see which of them could carry the greater number of petits verres.  In leaving the house he fell, struck his head, and within a few hours the 11th Duke of Hamilton and Brandon lay dead.  An Imperial frigate carried his body to Scotland, for burial in the mausoleum which his father had erected, and his son, then a youth of eighteen, reigned in his stead.

And a fine reign his had been.  Hamilton House in London, after passing into the hands of one of the most noted turf men of the day, was sold to the son of a successful ironmonger.  The same gentleman, so knowing in horseflesh, and in those who think that they, too, know about it, rules in  Hamilton Palace, and his presence these is almost calculated to bring t he grand old Duke out of the mausoleum to haunt the ‘horsey’ usurper.

The Duke’s only brother was a few weeks ago in the throes of insolvency, and his unfortunate sister is, as we read yesterday, trying to seek refuge for her child from its father, whom she dreads – all because her mother preferred making her a wife of a wretched Princeling of a trumpery petty State, mainly subsisting on the ruined fortunes of gamblers, to seeing her the wife of some honest-hearted Scottish gentleman. 


A FOOLISH MATCH FOR A TITLE


Taranaki Herald
October 19, 1872

A daughter of the Duchess of Hamilton, nee Princess Marie of Baden, and cousin of the Emperor Napoleon, was silly enough, some three years ago, to bestow her hand and large fortune on the penniless, ‘Hereditary Prince’ of the infinitesimal State of Monaco, consisting of the town of that name, and the palace of its monarch, whose main revenue is derived from the gaming-house which forms the principal attraction of the town, and is carried on for his benefit, and under his auspices.  One would have thought that an English girl, daughter of so high and wealthy a family as that of the Duke of Hamilton, would have hesitated to pay such a price for the acquisition of the title of ‘Princess,’ literally the only advantage she could possibly reap from such a match; but she must have considered the title to be worth buying; as, of her own free will, she married the heir apparent aforesaid.  The latter, who wanted her money, had no sooner secured it than he began to treat his wife with studied neglect, varied with brutality, and succeeded in driving the unhappy Princess to fly his roof, and seek for refuge with her relatives, under whose protection she give birth to a son.  He husband appeared to have forgotten her existence, and to be so equally indifferent to that of his son and heir; and the young ‘Hereditary Princess’ has continued to reside ever since she left him, with her grandmother, the Grand Duchess Stephanie of Baden.  The ‘Hereditary Prince’ was at Stuttgart, last year, on a visit to the Prince of Hohenzollern, but did not give himself the trouble to go on to Baden, to see his son.  The ‘Hereditary Princess’ has recently been staying at the Hotel della Pace in Florence; and that pleasant town was startled a short time since by learning that two police agents had been to the Princess’ hotel, and there presented her with an order from the President of the City Tribunal, claiming her son, aged 20 months.  The Princess, however, was equal to the occasion.  She made various difficulties about letting the policemen into her apartments; and, during the few minutes thus gained, contrived to send off for her cousin, the Grand Duchess Olga of Russia, wife of the Grand Duke Michael, who is also visiting Florence, where she occupies the beautiful suburban villa of Quarto.  The Grand Duchess hastened to the aid of her relative: and the two ladies, by the prestige of their rank, and the determination of their attitude, made such an impression on the two policemen that they consented to go in search of fresh instructions.  The Prefect of Florence, to who the two ladies immediately addressed themselves, could only refer them to the President who had issued an order for taking possession of the little Prince; and the President declared that he cold to nothing for them, being obliged by international treaties to exercise the decree of the Monaco Court, which, it appeared, had decided that the future Sovereign of Monaco should be installed in the house of his father.  All that the President could do was to allow the Princess to postpone for one day the delivery of the child, on condition that she should promise not to quit Florence.  Happily for the poor mother thus barbarously called upon to give up her child, the President did not requite her to promise that the child should not quit Florence; and the Grand Duchess Olga, forthwith carried him off to her villa, ready to take him with her to Russia should any new danger threaten.  The two ladies finding that they could obtain no help from the Prefect, applied to the Mayor of Florence; and he, being a practical man, recommended them to consult a first-rate barrister, who immediately carried the case before the Court of Appeal.  The latter has just decided the case in the Princess’ favor, both on various technical grounds which it held to have vitiated the action of the city tribunal, and also because the international treaty, in virtue of which the ‘Hereditary Prince’ claimed the seizure of the child, duly accords the replacing in the paternal dwelling of a child proved to have been clandestinely withdrawn from it, and is therefore powerless in the case of a child who never was in the paternal dwelling, and consequently cannot be ‘replaced’ in it, and who, having been born in Baden, and lived there all his life until recently brought by his mother to Florence, cannot be held to have been ‘clandestinely withdrawn’ from his father’s house in Monaco.  So the boy remains with the mother, and the Florentines, who had been greatly excited at the idea of such an outrage being perpetrated in their midst, and with the aid of their own legal machinery, are proportionally jubilant at the upshot of the affair.


THE DUKE OF HAMILTON’S MARRIAGE
A Chapter Of Personal History


The New York Times
November 1, 1873

The Duke of Manchester, who, with his son, Lord Mandeville, left Canada for Europe last week, without visiting the United States, probably hastened home at the news of his daughter’s engagement to the Duke of Hamilton.  There are few Americans, who have been much abroad of late years, who are not familiar with some of the history and exploits of the present holder of this celebrated historical title, over which Thackeray has thrown an additional interest by introducing the Duke of Queen Anne’s time as a prominent figure in Esmond.  ‘Whether,’ say the Brothers Chambers, ‘from its being the premier peerage of Scotland, the figure which the family has made in history or politics, or the circumstance that, failing the Bismarck line, it is the next Protestant branch of the Royal family in succession to the Crown of Scotland, it is certain that not title carries with it more of the veneration of the country than that of Hamilton.’ It is to be feared that this veneration can scarcely have extended to the persons of the last two Dukes.  To the grandfather of the present Duke, notwithstanding the respectability of his habits, may not improbably be ascribed a good deal of the decadence of the house.  A man of most prodigious pride, he thought nothing less than royal blood worthy of an alliance with the House of Hamilton, and when the announcement of the Queen’s marriage was made to him, he expressed the opinion that Her Majesty would have done better to have looked nearer home – alluding, it was understood to his own son.  By his wife, Miss Beckford, daughter of the celebrated author of Vathek, he had two children.  The fate of both has been most lamentable, and their children have, with a single exception, turned out miserably.  The daughter married – no doubt in fulfillment of the ambitious views of her father – the late Duke of Newcastle, who will be remembered in this country as the Minister accompanying the Prince of Wales here.  This marriage was dissolved on account of the misconduct of the Duchess, then Countess of Lincoln, with the Earl of Orford.  This lady still lives, but in complete obscurity.  There is a story current, for whose truth we cannot vouch, of how she met her eldest son under circumstances the most distressing that can be conceived.  This said eldest son would be penniless, by reason of his extravagance, excepting for the property he enjoys through his wife, the illegitimate daughter of the late Mr. Hope, who inherited an immense fortune from his father, of the great Amsterdam house of Hope & Co., which he left to the mother (whom he eventually married) of the Duchess of Newcastle.  With one exception, the career of the Duke’s brothers has been most discreditable, and their names have been repeatedly before the public in connection with vice and extravagance. His only sister made a wretched marriage with Lord Adolphus Vane Tempest, whom some will remember at Washington during the war. So much for the Duke of Hamilton’s aunt and cousins.  His father, the late Duke, wished, it is said, to have married early in life an exemplary lady, one of Queen Victoria’s most intimate and valued friends, but although of a very ancient family this lady (who afterwards married a Duke) was not deemed a fitting match for the Duke by his father, who vehemently opposed their union.  Consequently, to satisfy the latter, he at length married the Princess Marie of Baden, a first cousin of the late Emperor Napoleon.  This marriage led to his almost entirely residing abroad, a circumstance arising probably in no slight degree from the fact that the Duchess was not granted a precedency, which she deemed her due at the English Court, over all the other Duchesses.  Paris, therefore, became peculiarly agreeable to her.  It is well known that at the outset of the Second Empire great difficulty was experienced in getting ladies of the right sort to come to the Tuileries. Here the Duchess of Hamilton was of great use to her cousins.

The Duke’s splendid lineage was such as even the Faubourg St. Germain was bound to admit, while, however they might sneer at the Duchess’ descent from the Corsican Attorney, there was no denying her being of the Royal house of Baden.  The Duke and Duchess consequently became regular residents at Paris and there the Duke died, under most distressing circumstances, in 1863.  He had been supping at the Maison Dorée, and had a wager with Mr. Howard as to the number of petits verres which they could drink.  The unfortunate Duke fell as he was leaving the house, and was carried home only to die.  A brawl in which the present Duke and his brother were concerned some years later, in company with some ladies of the demi monde, in the same street, provoked some crushingly severe comments from the Pall Mall Gazette as to the scene they had selected for such proceedings.  Since the death of their father the career of the family has been all downhill.  In 1869 the present peer’s only sister, Lady Mary, made a miserable match with the Prince of Monaco, and presently became actually a fugitive from her husband.  His only brother, Lord Charles, became at the same time a fugitive from his creditors, and has frequently figured in the bankruptcy courts.  As to the Duke himself, he is the best pigeon the great Mr. Padwick ever had to pluck.  The late Marquis of Hastings were a mere bagatelle compared with the premier Duke of Scotland; Duke of Brandon, too, in England, with some half-dozen princely seats in the two countries, all unentailed; Hamilton Palace in Scotland, and Hamilton House in London.  How the astute Padwick must have chuckled and rubbed his hands as he swept His Grace into his capacious net.  The result has been that Hamilton House has been sold to the son of a successful iron-master, Sir Ivor Guest, while Hamilton Palace is principally occupied by that very clever gentleman Mr. Padwick, himself.  Some years ago a venerable Duke, revered by all who know him, a neighbor of his Grace of Hamilton, hearing that the young Duke was at his ancestral home – a very rare occurrence – and desirous to encourage him in what seemed a new departure in a right direction, went over to visit him.  On being shown in he found, to his consternation, that the Duke was away for the day, and that Mr. Padwick, the visitor’s particular bête noire, was locum tenens. At first His Grace was ice, but gradually he thawed under the influence of the wondrous spendthrift-catcher, and afterward ‘confessed a charm’ in the manner, and said that the devil was not so black as he was painted.  The mother of the Duke of Hamilton’s bride, the Duchess of Manchester, is a Hanoverian lady of great ambition, to whom repost has not been always uniformly kind, and it will no doubt be widely expected that in marrying a spendthrift of the Duke’s habits and repulsive appearance, her daughter is to be sacrificed to the Ducal coronets of Hamilton and Brandon.  The Duchess of Manchester was Mistress of the Robes to the Queen under one of Lord Derby’s governments.  Her Grace, it is said, was perfectly determined that have this appointment – the feminine ‘Blue Ribbon’ – she would, and when Lord Derby was out of office she wheeled the promise from him, which he was very reluctantly obliged to keep when the time arrived.  While holding the appointment, the Duchess was lost in the Highlands, when staying at a country town, and Mr. John Bidwell, of the Foreign Office, who died the other day, wrote a squib on the event parodying ‘The Lay of the Last Minstrel.’  The opening lines ran;
‘The wind was cold, the way was long,
The Duchess seemed so young and strong,
The Mistress of the Robes was she
In the last Derby Ministry.’


MARRIAGE OF THE DUKE OF HAMILTON


The Quebec Daily Mercury
December 30, 1873

The Duke of Hamilton is not only a personage as a Duke; his wild career and his turf notoriety made him the foremost topic of scandal mongers in London and Paris.  Now, that he has ‘ranged’ himself, as the French say, the public display unabated curiosity as to his doings.  The following is a description of the marriage: -

A very quaint, primitive old place indeed is this village of Kimbolton, standing at the head of the fen country, and well out of  it, among the hilliest grounds of Huntingdonshire.  To say that the little place was all alive and merry yesterday forenoon is an obvious corollary of the statement that the sun show with a brightness not invariably characteristic of May, and that there was a grand wedding in the very midst of the inhabitants.  From the gates of the castle to those of the church it is but a very little way through the broad open part of the town, which might be the market-place, but it not.

Long before the sun had gained sufficient strength to change the frosted silver on the way side objects to lustrous diamonds of dew, the road from the railway station from Huntingdon, and from St. Neot’s was alive with holiday parties, all plodding the same way, some afoot, and others in carriages of divers kinds.  The short High street was in a flutter of pleased anticipation, the glorious weather calling from everybody that simple-hearted old proverb, ‘Happy is the bride whom the sun shines.’ Toward half-past eleven – indeed, a good long while before that appointed period for the ceremony – there was a steadily increasing convergence about the gates of the churchyard.  From this spot to the porch of the church itself the path was covered in and so carpeted and bedight with floral ornaments that it resembled a corridor.  Wedding guests not belonging to the procession, either of bride or bridegroom, were admitted to the edifice on the opposite side as were the tenantry of the Duke of Manchester, and all who were so fortunate as to hold the ticket.  The Rev. F. C. H. Grant, Vicar of Kimbolton, and private Chaplain of the Duke of Manchester, courteously essayed the impossible task of finding seats for all comers; and to him and his church-wardens many visitors from afar, not provided with the proper passports, were indebted for as good places as they could have had in any circumstances. At half-past eleven the organ began softly to play a beautiful hymn tune as the first detachment of the bridal party entered at the north-west door.  The approach along the covered path, lined on either side by villagers was as pretty a sight as any during the day.  The Duchess of Manchester, the Duchess of Hamilton, the Princess Edward of Saxe-Weimar, the Princess of Monaco, and the Duke of Hamilton’s sister in a somewhat similar, but extremely becoming dress of green velvet, fancifully trimmed down the front with dark leaves.  The Countess of Sandwich, the Hon. Mrs. George Fitzwilliam, and other ladies entered some few minutes before the procession of the bridegroom who walked the short distance from the castle to the church. His Grace attired in a dark-blue frock-coat, with light trousers, and wearing the wedding favor, which was generally assumed by all gentlemen present, entered shortly before half-past eleven, attended by his ‘best man,’ the Baron de Tuyll, and accompanied by Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar, Viscount Mandeville, Prince Louis of Esterhazy, the Duke of Beaufort, the Earl of Sandwich, Lord Ossultston, Mr. Chaplin, the Hon. Geo. Fitzwilliam, the Hon. H. Bourke, the Earl of Gosford, and Colonel Steele – last named, but not least notable of the wedding guests.  A minute or two afterwards, the four bridesmaids were seen in the church porch, looking charmingly in the most exquisite of bridal dresses.  The young ladies who stood in this relation to the bride were Lady Louisa Montagu, her next sister; Lady Blanche Somerset, daughter of the Duke of Beaufort; Lady Florence Montagu, the bride’s cousin and daughter of the Earl of Sandwich; and Lady Alice Montagu, the youngest daughter of the Duke of Manchester.  The bridesmaids wore simple white silk dresses and small white bonnets, each with a deep crimson rose on one side.  A carriage and four now brought the bride to the church gate, her father accompanying her; and leaning on his arm, she passed along the covered path and into the church, smiling in recognition of the friends on each hand.  Immediately afterwards, the service was begun by the Rev. F. C. Hope Grant, who was assisted by the Rev. Newton B. Young, Rector of Tilbrook, the adjoining parish. There were no musical accompaniments beyond the playing of the organ as the procession entered and the jubilant strains of Mendelssohn’s ‘Wedding March’ when bride and bridegroom left the altar together.  The register had been first signed in the vestry, and witnessed by the Duke and Duchess of Manchester, Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar, and other friends.

From the church all now made their way back to the castle, where the wedding breakfast was served to nearly a hundred guests in the same marquee which had served as a ball-room the night before.  In few words, the toast of the ‘bride and bridegroom’ was proposed by the Earl of Sandwich; in fewer, it was acknowledged by the Duke of Hamilton.  Then the cake was cut and distributed, shortly after which customary part of the festivity the newly-married pair took their departure from the castle, escorted by a detachment of the Duke of Manchester’s regiment of cavalry.  The bride wore a travelling dress of dark green velvet, with a jacket of the same color, trimmed with silver fox fur. Loud cheers were given, and white slippers were thrown when the open carriage and four dashed off from the castle, and a cordial was given the Duke and Duchess of Hamilton at the railway station.

A list of the wedding presents has already appeared in our columns; but it may be mentioned in addition that the bride’s trousseau, furnished by Madame Elise, was as tasteful as it was costly.  The bridal dress itself was a marvel of elegance, being composed of the richest faille and draperies of finest mouseline des Indes, bordered with violants of magnificent pointe de gaze and bouquets of orange flowers.  A couroone of orange flowers, and a lovely veil of picturesque design, and a costly fabric, completed the ensemble.


THE PRINCESS OF MONACO’S DIVORCE

History of An Unhappy Marriage
And Its Difficult Dissolution

(Galignani’s Messenger, Jan. 7.)


Daily Evening Mercury
February 12, 1880

The marriage of Prince Albert of Monaco with Lady Mary Hamilton having, as announced by telegram, been at last definitely annulled by the special Congregation of Cardinals, a brief summary of this cause célèbre may prove of interest to our readers.  Rather more than ten years ago, on the 21st of Septmeber, 1869, Prince Albert Honoré Charles, Duc de Valentinois, son of Charles III of Monaco, who had not then attained his twenty-first year, espoused Lady Mary Victoria, daughter of William Alexander, Duke of Hamilton, Brandon and Châtellerault, and of the Princess Marie, daughter of the late Grand Duke of Baden.  The marriage in the opinion of many – though there seems no great ground for the assertion – was the work of Napoleon III, the bride having been his ward; but, be this as it may, at the time of its conclusion nothing afforded reason to suppose that the youthful Princess entered into the contract unwillingly, and at first the young couple lived gaily and contentedly in the principal cities of France.  In January 1870, however, the Princess of Monaco suddenly announced her intention of separating from her husband, and no persuasion could induce her to reconsider her decision.  On the 12th of July 1870, she gave birth to a son, Prince Louis-Honoré -Charles-Antoine, whom she kept with her, and an attempt made by her husband a few years latter to carry off the boy gave rise to the legal strife which has just come to a close. In 1878, the Princess of Monaco commenced a suit before the Congregation of the Pontifical Council for the annulment of her marriage, basing the demand on the allegation, among others, that her mother had exercised pressure in order to induce her to consent to becoming the wife of the Prince of Monaco, which otherwise, she would not have done of her own free will.  As, however, a child had been born of the union, the question at issue had become a grave one, and the Pope, instead of leaving the case to follow the usual course, appointed a special committee, consisting of Cardinal Caterini as President, and Cardinals Monaco, La Valetta, Ferrieri, Bartolini, and Sharretti as ordinary members.  Every effort was employed by t he plaintiff and her counsel to obtain a favorable decision, while on the contrary, the Prince, who seemed firmly convinced that the marriage would never be dissolved, took hardly any steps to frustrate his wife’s energetic action.  At the beginning of May, 1879, the commission met, and, having taken cognizance of the documents presented to them, stated that the plaintiff’s demand was invariably received and the marriage declared null and void.  This award caused great astonishment, and gave rise to may comments, the Pope finally refusing to confirm it, on the ground that the defendant’s case had not been brought forward with sufficient care.  Following the usual rule on these occasions, His Holiness appointed a new commission to retry the whole affair, on which sat Cardinals De Pietro (President,) Simeeni, Ledochowski, Mertel and Chigi, though the last named dignitary having been Nuncio at Paris at the time of the marriage, and having, consequently, been mixed up in the matter, declined to act, and was replaced by Cardinal Rendi.  During the second hearing the Prince was far more active than on the former occasion, and his views were therefore more fully laid before the new commission, who, after conducting all their proceedings in the strictest secrecy, reassembled on Saturday morning and delivered their sentence.  They annul the marriage, resolve the question of the child’s legitimacy in the affirmative, while unreservedly recognizing the Prince’s paternal rights, and provide for the boy’s education in conformity with his father’s wishes.  The first question has, therefore, been decided in favor of the Princess, while her opponent in the suit has gained the day on the other two points.


A SAD STORY


Queens County Sentinel
December 20, 1888

The Dowager Duchess of Hamilton, who died at Baden-Baden, was left a widow about thirty years ago in consequence of her husband having fallen down stairs after at a supper at the Maison d’Or and broken his neck.  The real reason why he and his wife resided so much on the continent was the Queen’s refusal to allow her precedence at the drawing rooms of the Duchess of Norfolk; as a member of a sovereign Germany family, from a German point of view she was just as ‘high and mighty’ as no matter what, Mecklenburg, Hesse or Saxe-Coburg.

There was no valid excuse for the refusal, which seems inexplicable, when it is remembered how the morganatic son of a younger Hessian princelet is being foisted as high royalty on the British people.  Her Majesty could not have believed the story current at Manheim about the Princess Marie of Baden, Duchess of Hamilton, being a supposititious child, and substituted for a prince with a malformed head, denoting the idiocy from time to time appeared in the Grand Ducal (or before Napoleon’s time) Margravine family.  If there had been substitution a boy would have been slipped into the place of the alleged idiot.  The Manheimers near whose city the Grand Duchess Stephanie used to reside, had some plausible explanation to give for the substitution of a girl – or, at any rate, one the satisfied them.

The ‘true heir’ was never a complainant.  He was, the story went, found one day, full grown, helpless, undressed, hairy as an Orson and unable to quit a crouching posture – near the Grand Ducal Park. Altogether he was more like an animal than a human being.  How he got to the place where was discovered; nobody could ever guess.  His vocabulary contained but two words, ‘Caspar Hauser.’ ‘Caspar Hauser’ was the unvarying answer to every question. For some time it was supposed that he was the victim of some theorists who wanted to prove Locke’s philosophy by experiment, and who kept him without any sort of experience other than that of a hole in which he was brought up in solitude.  Those who found him put him in human training.  He brightened up, took, in his Sunday clothes, a distinguished air, was mild, tractable and showed gleams of memory extending far back to a few oasis’s in his desert life.

Speech was coming to him as he was assassinated.  This murder caused a stir along the Rhine.  Caspar Hauser had a striking resemblance to past Margraves of Baden.  This, perhaps, was the reason why the tale of substitution was told and believed.  However, the late Duchess of Hamilton’s early married life was poisoned by the Queen’s refusal to treat her as a Princess of Baden.  The terrible misfortune of the rest of her life was a terror of internal cancer.  She fancied herself liable to this disease and believed she was preserved from its ravages by an American doctor, who, through her patronage, won a great practice. 




1.       Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton.
11 Dec 1850, London - 14 May 1922, Budapest


Parents:
         
2.       William Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton,
8th Duke of Brandon.
15 Feb 1811, London, Grosvenor Place - 15 Jul 1863, Paris
m. 23 Feb 1843, Mannheim
3.       Princess Marie Elisabeth von Baden.
11 Oct 1817, Karlsruhe - 17 Oct 1888, Baden-Baden


Grandparents:

4.       Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton,
7th Duke of Brandon.
5 Oct 1767, London - 18 Aug 1852, London.
m. 26 Apr 1810, London
5.       Susan Euphemia Beckford.
14 May 1786, Chât. de La Tour,Pays de Vaud - 27 May 1859, London

6.       Grand Duke Karl Ludwig of Baden.
8 Jun 1786, Karlsruhe - 8 Dec 1818, Rastatt
m. 19 Apr 1806, Paris
7.       Stéphanie de Beauharnais, Imperial Princess of France.
28 Aug 1789, Paris - 29 Jan 1860, Nizza


Great Grandparents:

8.       Archibald Douglas-Hamilton, 9th Duke of Hamilton,
6th Duke of Brandon.
15 Jul 1740 - 16 Feb 1819, Ashton Hall co Lancaster
m. 25 May 1765
9.       Lady Harriet Stewart.
d. 26 Nov 1788, nr Bath

10.     William Thomas Beckford.
 29 Sep 1759, Fonthill, Wiltshire - 2 May 1844, Bath
m. 5 May 1783
11.     Lady Margaret Gordon.   
Abt 1763, Edinburgh - 23 May 1786, Chateau deLa Tour,Pays de Vaud

12.     Erbprinz Karl Ludwig von Baden.
14 Feb 1755, Karlsruhe - 16 Dec 1801, Arboga
m. 15 Jul 1774, Darmstadt
13.     Landgräfin Amalie Friederike von Hessen-Darmstadt.
20 Jun 1754, Prenzlau - 21 Jul 1832, Castle Bruchsal

14.     Claude de Beauharnais, Comte de Beauharnais et des Roches-Baritaud. 
         26 Sep 1756, La Rochelle - 10 Jan 1819, Paris
m. 17 Jun 1786, Saint Julien sur Suran
15.     Claudine de Nettancourt-Vaubecourt, Dame de Vaubécourt .
5 Apr 1768, Moutonné - 9 Aug 1791, Saint Julien sur Suran.


Great-Great Grandparents:

16.     James Douglas-Hamilton, 5th Duke of Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Brandon.
5 Jan 1703; d. 9 Mar 1743
 m. 21 Aug 1737, St.George's Hanover Square
17.     Anne Spencer. d. 9 Mar 1771

18.     Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway.
Abt 1694 - 24 Sep 1773, Aix-en-Provence.
m. 5 Jan 1729, Edinburgh
19.     Lady Catherine Cochrane.
1709 - 15 Mar 1786, Bath

20.     William Beckford, Lord Mayor of London.
 c. 19 Dec 1709, Jamaica -  21 Jun 1770, London
m. 8 Jun 1756
21.     Maria Hamilton. 1724 - 1798

22.     Charles Gordon, 4th Earl of Aboyne.
Abt 1728 - 28 Dec 1794
m. 22 Apr 1759, Edinburgh
23.     Lady Margaret Stewart.
d. 12 Aug 1762, Aboyne Castle

24.     Grand Duke Karl Friedrich of Baden.
 22 Nov 1728, Karlsruhe - 10 Jun 1811, Karlsruhe
m. 28 Jan 1751, Darmstadt
25.     Landgräfin Karoline Louise von Hessen-Darmstadt .
11 Jul 1723, Darmstadt -  8 Apr 1783, Paris

26.     Landgraf Ludwig IX von Hessen-Darmstadt.
15 Dec 1719, Darmstadt -  6 Apr 1790, Pirmasens
m. 12 Aug 1741, Zweibrücken
27.     Pfalzgräfin Karoline von Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld.
9 Mar 1721, Strassburg - 30 Mar 1774, Darmstadt

28.     Claude de Beauharnais, Comte des Roches-Baritaud.
16 Jan 1717, Rochefort - 25 Dec 1784, Paris
m. 1 Mar 1753, Paris
29.     Marie-Anne Mouchard de Chaban.
4 Oct 1737, Paris - 2 Jul 1813, Paris
  
30.     Claude François Adrien de Lézay-Marnézia, 
         3.Marquis de Lézay-Marnésia 
         24 Aug 1735, Metz - 9 Nov 1800, Besançon
m. 3 Mar 1766, Verdun
31.     Marie-Claudine de Nettancourt-Vaubecourt, Dame de Vaubécourt.
6 May 1746, Nettancourt  - 27 Sep 1794, London


Great-Great-Great Grandparents:

32.     James Douglas-Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton,
1st Duke of Brandon.
11 Apr 1658 - 15 Nov 1712, Hyde Park; bur. Hamilton
 m. 17 Jul 1698, Bushey Park
33.     Hon. Elizabeth Gerard.
d. 13 Feb 1744; bur. St.James's, Westminster

34.     Edward Spencer of Rendlesham. d. 25 Mar 1728
m.
35.     Anne Baker of Layhal, Suffolk. d. 25 Nov 1754

36.     James Stewart, 5th Earl of Galloway.
d. 16 Feb 1746, Glasserton
m. Abt 1694
37.     Lady Catherine Seton Montgomerie. d.  Dec 1757

38.     John Cochrane, 4th Earl of Dundonald.
 4 Jul 1687, Paisley -  5 Jun 1720
m 4 May 1706, Cramond
39.     Lady Anne Murray.
 31 Oct 1687, Whitehall - 30 Nov 1710, Paisley

40.     Peter Beckford.
d. 23 Sep 1735
m.
41.     Bathshua Hering.

42.     Hon. George Hamilton.
m.
43.     Bridget Coward.

44.     John Gordon, 3rd Earl of Aboyne.
d. 7 Apr 1732, Charlton-Aboyne
m. 20 Jun 1724
45.     Grace Lockhart .
d. 17 Nov 1738, Darnaway, co Moray

46.     Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway.
Abt 1694 - 24 Sep 1773, Aix-en-Provence.
m. 5 Jan 1729, Edinburgh
47.     Lady Catherine Cochrane.
1709 - 15 Mar 1786, Bath

48.     Erbprinz  Friedrich (VIII) of Baden.
7 Oct 1703, Stuttgart - 26 Mar 1732, Karlsruhe
m. 3 Jul 1727, Leeuwarden
49.     Prinzessin Charlotte von Nassau-Dietz.
13 Oct 1710, Leeuwarden, Friesland - 18 Dec 1777, Karlsburg

50.     Landgraf Ludwig VIII von Hessen-Darmstadt.
5 Apr 1691, Darmstadt - 17 Oct 1768, Darmstadt
m. 5 Apr 1717, Castle Philippsruhe
51.     Gräfin Charlotte von Hanau-Lichtenberg.
 2 May 1700, Buchsweiler - 1 Jul 1726, Darmstadt

52.     Landgraf Ludwig VIII von Hessen-Darmstadt.
5 Apr 1691, Darmstadt - 17 Oct 1768, Darmstadt
m. 5 Apr 1717, Castle Philippsruhe
53.     Gräfin Charlotte von Hanau-Lichtenberg.
 2 May 1700, Buchsweiler - 1 Jul 1726, Darmstadt
  
54.     Pfalzgraf Christian III von Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld.
 7 Nov 1674, Strassburg  - 3 Feb 1735, Zweibrücken
m. 21 Sep 1719, Sankt Lorenzen
55.     Gräfin Karoline von Nassau-Saarbrücken.
12 Aug 1704, Saarbrücken - 25 Mar 1774, Darmstadt

56.     Claude de Beauharnais.
 22 Sep 1674, La Chaussée - 17 Jan 1738, La Chaussée nr Orléans
m. 11 May 1713, La Rochelle
57.     Renée Hardouineau de Landanière.
1696, Château Landanière - 4 Jul 1766, La Rochelle

58.     François Abraham Mouchard, Seigneur de la Garde.
17 Jan 1712, La Rochelle - 19 Oct 1782, Paris
m. May 1735, Paris
59.     Anne Louise Lazur.  d. 6 Jan 1740, Paris

60.     François Gabriel de Lézay-Marnézia, 2.Marquis de Lezay,
Seigneur de Marnésia.
22 Feb 1699, Lons-le-Saunier - 16 Feb 1778, Lons-le-Saunier
m. 6 Feb 1733, Metz
61.     Charlotte Antoinette de Bressey.
Abt 1705 - 1785, Condé-sur-Iton

62.     Gaston Jean Baptiste Charles , Marquis de Nettancourt-Vaubécourt .
Jan 1701 - 1755
m. 20 Jul 1745, Nettancourt
63.     Yolande Madeleine de Nettancourt de Passavant .
1723 - 18 Oct 1760, Bar-le-Duc


NR

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